PETERBOROUGH RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECT
PREP - Leading Peterborough to a 100% Renewable Energy Future
- Energy Coaches
- Heating and Cooling
- The Plan
- About PREP
- …
- Energy Coaches
- Heating and Cooling
- The Plan
- About PREP
PETERBOROUGH RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECT
PREP - Leading Peterborough to a 100% Renewable Energy Future
- Energy Coaches
- Heating and Cooling
- The Plan
- About PREP
- …
- Energy Coaches
- Heating and Cooling
- The Plan
- About PREP
Transportation
Many options exist for improving the sustainability of our transportation systems while improving quality of life and equity. Increasing shared transportation while decreasing use of single-occupancy vehicles significantly reduces the environmental impacts of transportation. This change also can improve equity in mobility.
What you can Do:
Choices for Electric vehicles (EVs) and Plug-In Hybrids (PHEVs) are rapidly growing with about 30 new EV models introduced in 2025. Along with the IRA Tax Incentives and factoring in either not using any gas in the case of EVs or greatly reducing the amount of gasoline you need to buy when driving a hybrid EV you can save lots of money over time by switching from gas vehicles. Buying a used EV is also becoming a viable option.
Alternative transportation modes like bicycles, eBikes, and scooters can also increase opportunities for exercise while reducing air pollution. Studies indicate that recent advances in electric vehicles, car-sharing technologies and the potential for self-driving vehicles underline a much more sustainable usage of car assets that could remove up to 90% of the vehicles from the streets while enhancing mobility options.
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Electric Vehicles
All About EVs and PHEVs
Where to start when shopping for an EV or PHEV? First understand the difference between an EV, a PHEV, and a Hybrid car:
- Electric Vehicle (EV)
- An EV is a vehicle that is powered by electricity. It has a battery that stores the electricity, and an electric motor that converts the electricity into power to move the vehicle.
- EVs have zero tailpipe emissions, making them a good choice for people who want to reduce their environmental impact.
- EVs have a limited range, as the battery only lasts for a certain amount of time before it needs to be recharged.
- Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)
- A PHEV is a vehicle that has both an electric motor and a gasoline engine. The electric motor can power the vehicle for a limited range, after which the gasoline engine kicks in.
- PHEVs have a longer range than EVs, but they still produce some tailpipe emissions when the gasoline engine is running.
- PHEVs are a good choice for people who want to reduce their environmental impact, but who also need a vehicle that can travel longer distances.
- Hybrid Vehicle
- A hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that has both an electric motor and a gasoline engine. The electric motor helps to improve the fuel economy of the vehicle, but it cannot power the vehicle on its own.
- Hybrid vehicles have a lower fuel economy than PHEVs, but they still produce fewer tailpipe emissions than traditional gasoline vehicles.
Hybrid vehicles are a good choice for people who want to save money on fuel, but who do not want to commit to an EV. So, you might start your shopping by narrowing down which type of EV you want to buy! Consumer Reports has a great table you can use to compare these options.
Shopping for an EV
Next steps to take to start buying an electric vehicle:
- Do your research. Learn about the different types of EVs available, their range, features, and pricing. You can use online resources like Kelley Blue Book, and MotorTrend, and Edmunds to compare different models.
- Consider your needs. How far do you typically drive in a day? Do you have a long commute? Do you have access to home charging? Answering these questions will help you narrow down your choices because electric vehicles have different ranges before needing to be recharged.
- Test drive some EVs. Once you've narrowed down your choices, schedule test drives to see how the different models feel and perform. This is an important step to make sure you're comfortable with the driving experience. Peterborough residents are lucky in that the Monadnock Sustainability Hub has several EV expos each year in the area where local residents who own and drive EVs have their cars on display and will talk to you and sometimes even let you take a test drive. Check their Events Calendar to see when the next Expo is coming. If you can't wait for that you can check out their Virtual EV Expo online.
- Find a dealership. Once you've found an EV that you like, you'll need to find a dealership that sells it. You can use online resources like Cars.com and TrueCar to find dealerships in your area or to find used EVs.
- Negotiate the price. Don't be afraid to negotiate the price of your EV. The sticker price is just a starting point, and you may be able to get a better deal.
- Consider financing. If you don't have the cash to buy an EV outright, you'll need to finance it. There are a variety of financing options available, so shop around to find the best deal. Some banks and Credit Unions such as Digital Federal Credit Union or (DCU) offer discounted interest rates for EVs.
- Get ready to drive your new EV! Once you've taken care of all the paperwork, you're ready to drive your new EV home. Congratulations!
Additional Buying Tips
The federal tax credit for EVs was ended on September 30, 2025.
NH State Incentives? Not at this time.
Think about home charging. If you plan on charging your EV at home, you'll need to install a home charging station. The cost of a home charging station varies, but it's a worthwhile investment if you plan on driving your EV long-term. Note that the federal tax credit for a home charging installation remains available until June 30, 2026.
Home EV Charging
Home EV (Electric Vehicle) charging refers to the process of charging an electric vehicle's battery at a residential location. As the popularity of electric vehicles continues to rise, many EV owners choose to install home charging stations for convenience and to ensure their vehicle is ready for use whenever needed. Installing a home EV charging station can greatly enhance the convenience of owning an electric vehicle. We recommend that you consult with an electrician to determine the best charging solution for your specific needs and to ensure compliance with local regulations.
Bear in mind that the federal tax credit for a home charging station remains in place until June 30, 2026. It amounts to 30% of the cost of the charging station, up to a maximum credit of $1000.
Here's what you need to know about home installing Home EV charging:
Cost Savings and Government Incentives, Rebates, Tax Credits
While the upfront cost may seem significant, there can be long-term cost savings in terms of reduced fuel expenses compared to gasoline or diesel vehicles. Additionally, some governments and utilities offer incentives, rebates, or tax credits to offset the cost of EV charger installation, which can help make the investment more affordable.
Types of Home EV Charging:
- Level 1 Charging: This involves using a standard household electrical outlet (120 volts) and the EV's included charging cable. Level 1 charging is the slowest method, providing about 3 to 5 miles of range per hour of charging. It's suitable for overnight charging.
- Level 2 Charging: This is the most common home charging option. It uses a dedicated 240-volt circuit and a higher-capacity charging station. Level 2 charging can provide around 10 to 60 miles of range per hour, depending on the vehicle and the charger's capacity.
- Level 3 Charging (DC Fast Charging): While most DC fast chargers are not typically installed at homes due to their high power requirements and cost, they can provide a significant amount of range in a short time (typically around 80% charge in 30 minutes). These chargers are more commonly found at public charging stations.
Benefits of Home EV Charging:
- Convenience: Charging at home eliminates the need to visit public charging stations, saving time and effort.
- Cost Savings: Home electricity rates are often lower than public charging rates, leading to potential cost savings over time.
- Availability: Your EV will always be charged and ready for use, regardless of external factors or charging station availability.
- Energy Source Control: You can choose to power your EV with renewable energy sources, further reducing your carbon footprint.
Home Charging Equipment:
- Charging Stations: These are dedicated units that provide Level 2 charging. They are typically hardwired to your electrical system and can be mounted on a wall or installed on a pedestal.
- Charging Cables: Level 1 and Level 2 charging often require specific charging cables that come with your EV. These cables connect your EV to the charging source.
- Installation Requirements: Installing a Level 2 charging station usually requires a dedicated 240-volt circuit and a compatible electrical panel. It's recommended to hire a licensed electrician for installation.
Installation Process:
- Permits: Depending on your location and local regulations, you might need permits for installing a home charging station.
- Electrical Work: An electrician will install the necessary electrical components, such as the circuit breaker and wiring, to support the charging station.
- Charging Station Setup: Once the electrical work is completed, the charging station is mounted and connected to the electrical system.
Other Considerations:
- Some home charging stations are equipped with Wi-Fi or cellular connectivity, allowing you to monitor and control charging remotely through smartphone apps or web portals.
- You can set charging schedules, monitor charging status, and receive notifications about your vehicle's charging progress.
- Vehicle Compatibility: Ensure that your EV is compatible with the charging station you plan to install.
- Power Capacity: Assess your home's electrical capacity to determine if you need to upgrade your electrical panel to support the charging station.
- Location: Choose an appropriate location for the charging station that's easily accessible for your EV and doesn't interfere with daily activities.
Cost of Installing an EV Charger
The cost of setting up a home EV charger can vary significantly based on several factors, including the type of charger you choose, your location, the electrical work required, and any additional features or installation complexities. In total, the cost of setting up a home EV charger, including the charging station and installation, can range from around $800 to $3,000 or more. It's important to get quotes from multiple electricians and charging station manufacturers to get a more accurate estimate for your specific situation.
Here's a general breakdown of the potential costs involved:
- Charging Station Cost: The cost of the charging station itself varies depending on the brand, model, features, and charging capacity. Basic Level 2 charging stations can start around $300 to $500, while more advanced models with Wi-Fi connectivity and higher charging capacities can range from $600 to $1,500 or more.
- Electrical Installation Cost: This is often the most significant cost factor. It includes the labor and materials required to install the necessary electrical components, such as the circuit breaker, wiring, and any upgrades to your electrical panel. The cost can vary based on your home's electrical system, distance from the panel to the charging location, and local labor rates. On average, electrical installation costs can range from $500 to $1,500 or more.
- Permit Fees: Depending on your local regulations, you may need to obtain permits for installing a home EV charger. Permit fees vary widely based on location but typically range from $50 to $300.
Additional Costs
There might be additional costs depending on specific circumstances:
- If your home's electrical panel needs an upgrade to accommodate the charging station, this could cost anywhere from a few hundred to a few thousand dollars.
- If trenching or additional wiring is required to reach the charging location, this could add extra costs.
- If you choose to hire an electrician to assess your home's electrical system before installation, this could incur a consultation fee.
- Optional Features: Some charging stations come with advanced features like Wi-Fi connectivity, app control, and load management. These features can add to the overall cost of the charging station.
Electric Bikes
All About Electric Bikes
Shopping for an electric bike involves several considerations to ensure you find the right model that suits your needs and preferences. (Check out Consumer Reports Best Electric Bike Buying Guide.) And here is a step-by-step guide to help you through the process:
Determine Your Needs:
- Think about how you'll use the e-bike. Will it be for commuting, leisure rides, off-road adventures, or a combination?
- Consider the distance you'll be riding and the terrain you'll be covering.
- Where will the bike be stored? Will its weight be a factor for storage?
Set a Budget:
E-bike prices can vary widely. Determine how much you're willing to spend and stick to that budget. The current range in the U.S. is between $500 and $5000.
How To Shop for an E-Bike
Choose the Type of E-Bike:
- City/Commute E-Bikes: Designed for urban commuting, with features like fenders, lights, and a more upright riding position.
- Mountain E-Bikes: Built to handle rough trails and off-road conditions.
- Hybrid E-Bikes: Versatile for both city and light off-road use.
- Folding E-Bikes: Compact and portable, suitable for urban commuting and storage in tight spaces.
- Fat Tire E-Bikes: Equipped with wide tires for enhanced stability on various terrains.
- Cargo E-Bikes: Designed to carry loads, making them great for grocery shopping or transporting items.
Consider Motor and Battery:
- Motors are usually located in the hub of the wheel or near the cranks (mid-drive). Mid-drive motors are generally better for hill climbing and overall balance.
- Check the battery capacity (usually measured in watt-hours) to ensure it meets your desired range. Consider removable batteries for easy charging.
Test Ride:
- Visit local bike shops to test ride various e-bike models. This will help you assess comfort, ride quality, and handling.
Check Features and Components:
- Look for features like suspension (important for off-road riding), disc brakes (better stopping power), and integrated lights.
- Consider the quality of components such as gears, brakes, and tires.
Frame Size and Fit:
- Ensure the e-bike is the right size for your body. A proper fit is essential for comfort and control. (How to correctly size an e-bike.)
Research Brands and Reviews:
Research reputable e-bike brands and read reviews from other riders to get an idea of reliability and performance. (Compare e-bike ratings and reviews.)
Warranty and Support:
Check the warranty offered by the manufacturer, especially for the battery and motor components.
Accessories:
Consider any additional accessories you might need, such as a helmet, lock, panniers, or a bike rack.
Compare Options:
Compare multiple e-bike models based on their specifications, features, and prices.
Purchase:
Once you've found the right e-bike, make the purchase from a reliable and reputable retailer or directly from the manufacturer.
Maintenance and Service:
Learn about the maintenance requirements for the e-bike and inquire about available service options in your area.
Safety and Regulations:
Familiarize yourself with local regulations regarding e-bikes, including speed limits and where you're allowed to ride.
Remember, the best e-bike for you depends on your specific needs and preferences. Take your time, do thorough research, and don't hesitate to ask questions before making a purchase.
Electric Scooters
All About Electric Scooters
Electric scooters, often referred to as e-scooters, have gained significant popularity as an eco-friendly and convenient mode of urban transportation. They are two-wheeled vehicles powered by electric motors, designed to provide a clean and efficient way to travel short distances. Here's a comprehensive overview of electric scooters:
1. Types of Electric Scooters:
- Dockless Sharing Scooters: These are the scooters you often see available for rent in many cities. Users can locate and unlock them using a smartphone app, ride them, and then leave them at their destination for the next rider.
- Foldable Electric Scooters: These are designed for personal ownership and often come with the ability to fold down for easy storage and portability.
- Seated Electric Scooters: Some e-scooters come with a built-in seat, providing a more comfortable ride, especially for longer distances.
2. Components:
- Electric Motor: The motor is the heart of an electric scooter, providing the propulsion. Motors can be located in the wheel hub or integrated into the frame.
- Battery: E-scooters are powered by rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, which determine the range and speed of the scooter.
- Controller: This component manages the flow of electric current from the battery to the motor, controlling the speed and acceleration.
- Brakes: Electric scooters usually have mechanical or electronic brakes for safe stopping.
- Throttle: Many scooters have a throttle on the handlebar that controls the speed of the scooter.
- Display and Controls: Modern e-scooters often feature a display panel showing speed, battery status, and other relevant information.
- Lights: Built-in headlights and taillights improve visibility and safety, especially when riding at night.
3. Benefits:
- Eco-Friendly: E-scooters produce zero emissions and contribute to reducing air pollution and traffic congestion.
- Cost-Effective: E-scooters are relatively inexpensive compared to owning a car, and they have lower maintenance costs.
- Convenience: They are ideal for short commutes, allowing users to avoid traffic jams and easily find parking.
- Health: Riding an e-scooter can provide some exercise and outdoor activity.
- Last-Mile Solution: E-scooters are great for covering the last leg of a journey after using public transportation.
4. Considerations:
- Range: The distance an e-scooter can travel on a single charge varies. Factors like battery capacity, rider weight, terrain, and speed affect the range.
- Speed: Most e-scooters have a top speed of around 15-20 mph (24-32 km/h), but high-performance models can go faster.
- Regulations: Laws regarding e-scooter usage vary by location. Some cities have speed limits, helmet requirements, and restrictions on where you can ride.
- Safety: Wearing a helmet is recommended, and riders should follow traffic rules and be aware of pedestrians and other vehicles.
- Maintenance: Regular maintenance, including checking tire pressure, brake functionality, and battery health, is important for safety and longevity.
5. Challenges:
- Safety Concerns: Accidents and injuries can occur due to collisions, uneven roads, and reckless riding.
- Infrastructure: Some cities lack proper infrastructure to accommodate e-scooters, like dedicated lanes or parking spaces.
- Vandalism and Theft: Dockless sharing scooters are susceptible to vandalism and theft.
- Environmental Impact: While e-scooters themselves are eco-friendly, the manufacturing and disposal of batteries can have environmental consequences.
As with any mode of transportation, electric scooters have their pros and cons. Their popularity has led to ongoing developments in design, technology, and regulations to address these challenges and make them a safer and more accessible mode of urban transportation.
How to Shop for an Electric Scooter
Shopping for an electric scooter can be an exciting process, but it's important to consider several factors to ensure you make the right choice for your needs. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you through the process:- 1. Define Your Needs:
- Determine how you plan to use the electric scooter: commuting, leisure, or a mix of both.
- Consider your riding distance, terrain, and speed requirements.
- Identify any specific features you might need, like foldability for easy storage, suspension for comfort, or an app-connected scooter for tracking and control.
- 2. Set a Budget:
- Decide on a budget range that you're comfortable with. Electric scooters can vary widely in price.
- 3. Research Brands and Models:
- Look for reputable brands that have good reviews and a track record of producing reliable electric scooters.
- Research different models within your budget that meet your requirements.
- 4. Check Specifications:
- Look at key specifications such as range (how far the scooter can travel on a single charge), top speed, and motor power.
- Consider the weight of the scooter, especially if you need to carry or transport it frequently.
- 5. Battery Life and Charging Time:
- Check the battery capacity and charging time. A longer-lasting battery can be more convenient for longer rides.
- Understand the charging infrastructure - can you charge it at home, work, or other locations?
- 6. Safety Features:
- Look for safety features like good brakes (disc or drum), lights (front and rear), and reflective elements for night riding.
- Check if the scooter has a horn or bell to alert pedestrians.
- 7. Reviews and User Feedback:
- Read reviews from other users to get a sense of real-world performance and any potential issues.
- 8. Test Rides:
- If possible, visit local stores or events where you can test ride different models. This can give you a better feel for the scooter's handling and comfort.
- 9. Warranty and Customer Support:
- Check the warranty terms and customer support offered by the manufacturer or retailer. A good warranty can provide peace of mind.
- 10. Folding and Portability:
- If you need to carry the scooter on public transportation or store it in a small space, consider how easily it folds and how portable it is.
- 11. Legal Regulations:
- Research the local laws and regulations regarding electric scooters in your area. Some places have restrictions on where and how you can ride them.
- 12. Additional Accessories:
- Consider any additional accessories you might need, such as a helmet, locks, or extra battery packs.
- 13. Purchase:
- Once you've narrowed down your options, make the purchase from a reputable retailer or manufacturer. Consider buying from a physical store or a reputable online seller.
Remember that the best electric scooter for you will depend on your specific needs and preferences. Take your time, do thorough research, and make an informed decision to ensure you get a scooter that provides a safe and enjoyable riding experience.
Other Low Energy Options
Low-energy transportation options are modes of transportation that consume less energy compared to traditional fossil fuel-powered vehicles. These options are often more environmentally friendly and can help reduce carbon emissions and dependence on non-renewable energy sources. Here are some examples of low-energy transportation options:
- Walking: Walking is the most energy-efficient form of transportation, requiring no external energy source other than the calories burned by the individual.
- Bicycling: Bicycles are also highly energy-efficient and are a great way to get around short to medium distances. They require human power and can be equipped with electric-assist systems for longer commutes or hilly terrain.
- Public Transit: Mass transit systems, such as buses, trams, and trains, can be more energy-efficient than private cars when they have high occupancy rates and use cleaner energy sources.
- Carpooling and Ride-Sharing: Sharing rides with others can reduce the energy consumption per person and the number of vehicles on the road.
- Car-sharing and Carpooling Services: Services like car-sharing and carpooling platforms allow users to access vehicles as needed, reducing the overall number of vehicles on the road.
- Pedestrian-Friendly Urban Design: Communities and towns that prioritize pedestrian-friendly infrastructure and mixed land use can encourage walking and biking, reducing the need for motorized transportation.
- Electric Skateboards and Longboards: Electric skateboards and longboards are compact and energy-efficient options for short commutes and recreational use.
- Micro-Mobility: This category includes various small, electric-powered vehicles like electric scooters, electric skateboards, and electric unicycles, which are often used for short trips within cities.
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